Kaduna is the capital city of Kaduna State, and the former political capital of Northern Nigeria. It is located in north-western Nigeria, on the Kaduna River. It is a trade Centre and a major transportation hub as the gateway to northern states of Nigeria, with its rail and important road network.

The population of Kaduna was at 760,084 as of the 2006 Nigerian census. Rapid urbanization since 2005 has created an increasingly large population, as at 2023, the estimated population is 1.1 million. The project population of people in Kaduna state as at 2021 is 8.9 million people.

The etymology of the word Kaduna is said to be a corruption of the Hausa word for “crocodiles”, Kadduna  in the Hausa Language. Kaduna was founded by British colonists in 1900. The first British governor of Northern Nigeria, Sir Fredrick Lugard, chose the present site for development due to its proximity to the Lagos to Kano Railway. It became the capital of Nigeria’s former Northern Region in 1917, and retained this status until 1967. The city is still influential as the headquarters of various political, military and cultural organizations especially in Northern Nigeria. 

Kaduna is a major industrial centre in Northern Nigeria, manufacturing products like textiles, machinery, steel, Alluminium, petroleum products and bearings. However, the textile industry has been in decline. Other light manufactures include: plastics, pharmaceuticals, leather goods, furniture, and televisions.  Agriculture is also a major industry in Kaduna, and as such, the Bank of Agriculture has its headquarters in the city. Some main agricultural exports include: cotton, peanuts, sorghum, and ginger.  Kaduna also has a branch of the Nigerian Stock Exchange.  Automobile manufacturing also remains an important part of Kaduna’s economy.  Peugeot Automobiles Nigeria has an assembly plant in Kaduna.  Kaduna Refining and Petrochemical Company (KRPC), one of Nigeria’s four main oil refineries is located in Kaduna. 

There is a large racecourse named Murtala Mohammed Square, approximately 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) round, inside which is found the Kaduna Polo Club. Kaduna Golf Club is also located within the Kaduna city. The infrastructure network in the city are currently being developed under the administration of Nasir El-Rufai. Kaduna has an inland dry port. The Nigerian military has several installations in the city including the Nigerian Defence Academy. 

The city is served by Kaduna International Airport. Kaduna is also on the route of the planned Lagos–Kano Standard Gauge Railway. Kaduna is an important junction on Nigeria’s Cape gauge railway network. 

Kaduna is popularly known as the centre of learning, as evident from the numerous educational institutions located in the state which includes: Kaduna State University, Nigerian Defence Academy (NDA) Kaduna, Greenfield University Kaduna, National Open University of Nigeria, Kaduna Study Center, Air Force Institute of Technology, Kaduna, National Teachers Institute (NTI), Kaduna, Kaduna Polytechnic (1968), National Eye Centre, Kaduna, etc.

SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL CHALLENGES IN KADUNA STATE THAT LINK TO ACReSAL PDO:
1.Ecological Problem
2.Flooding
3.Deforestation
4.Land Degradation
5.Drought